Patients or post-operative clients, high load and high intensity exercises might not be clinically appropriate.
It has actually been used in the health club setting for some time however it is acquiring popularity in clinical settings. BFR training was at first established in the 1960's in Japan and understood as KAATSU training.
It can be used to either the upper or lower limb. The cuff is then pumped up to a specific pressure with the aim of obtaining partial arterial and complete venous occlusion. Muscle hypertrophy is the boost in diameter of the muscle as well as a boost of the protein material within the fibers.
Muscle stress and metabolic stress are the 2 primary factors accountable for muscle hypertrophy. The activation of myogenic stem cells and the raised anabolic hormonal agents result in protein metabolic process and as such muscle hypertrophy can occur.
Insulin-like development aspect and growth hormone are accountable for increased collagen synthesis after exercise and help muscle healing. Growth hormonal agent itself does not directly trigger muscle hypertrophy however it assists muscle healing and therefore possibly facilitates the muscle reinforcing process. The build-up of lactate and hydrogen ions (eg in hypoxic training) further increases the release of development hormonal agent.
Myostatin controls and hinders cell development in muscle tissue. Resistance training results in the compression of blood vessels within the muscles being trained.
This leads to a boost in anaerobic lactic metabolism and the production of lactate. When there is blood pooling and a build-up of metabolites cell swelling happens. This swelling within the cells causes an anabolic response and results in muscle hypertrophy. The cell swelling might in fact cause mechanical stress which will then activate the myogenic stem cells as talked about above.
The cuff is positioned proximally to the muscle being workout and low strength workouts can then be carried out. Because the outflow of blood is restricted using the cuff capillary blood that has a low oxygen material gathers and there is an increase in protons and lactic acid. The exact same physiological adjustments to the muscle (eg release of hormones, hypoxia and cell swelling) will take location throughout the BFR training and low intensity workout as would happen with high strength workout.
( 1) Low intensity BFR (LI-BFR) leads to an increase in the water material of the muscle cells (cell swelling). It likewise speeds up the recruitment of fast-twitch muscle fibers. It is also hypothesized that once the cuff is eliminated a hyperemia (excess of blood in the capillary) will form and this will cause additional cell swelling.
These increases were similar to gains acquired as a result of high-intensity workout without BFR A study comparing (1) high strength, (2) low strength, (3) low and high intensity with BFR and (4) low intensity with BFR. While all 4 exercise programs produced increases in torque, muscle activations and muscle endurance over a 6 week duration - the high strength (group 1) and BFR (groups 3 and 4) produced the greatest result size and were similar to each other.